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Home  Laws of Rugby 2d
Forward to:
Laws of Rugby - Part 1 - Definitions and Law 1 (The Ground): 1.1 - 1.5
Laws of Rugby - Part 1a - Law 1.6, Laws 2 - 4
Laws of Rugby - Part 1b - Laws 5 & 6
Laws of Rugby - Part 2 - Laws 7 - 10
Laws of Rugby - Part 2a - Laws 11 - 15.6
Laws of Rugby - Part 2b - Laws 15.7 - 19.6
Laws of Rugby - Part 2c - Laws 19.7 - 20
Laws of Rugby - Part 3 - Variations
LAW 21 PENALTY AND FREE KICKS
DEFINITION
Penalty kicks and free kicks are awarded to the non-offending team for
infringements by their opponents.
21.1 WHERE PENALTY AND FREE KICKS ARE AWARDED
Unless a Law states otherwise, the mark for a penalty or free kick is
at the place of infringement.
21.2 WHERE PENALTY AND FREE KICKS ARE TAKEN
(a) The kicker must take the penalty or free kick at the mark or
anywhere behind it on a line through the mark. If the place for a
penalty or free kick is within 5 metres of the opponents? goal line,
the mark for the kick is 5 metres from the goal line, opposite the
place of infringement.
(b) When a penalty or free kick is awarded for an infringement in in-
goal, the mark for the kick is in the field of play, 5 metres from the
goal line, in line with the place of infringement.
Penalty: Any infringement by the kicker?s team results in a scrum
at the mark. The opposing team throws in the ball.
21.3 HOW THE PENALTY AND FREE KICKS ARE TAKEN
(a) Any player may take a penalty or free kick awarded for an
infringement with any type of kick: punt, drop kick or place kick.
The ball may be kicked with any part of the lower leg from knee to
the foot, excluding the knee and the heel.
(b) Bouncing the ball on the knee is not taking a kick.
Penalty: Any infringement by the kicker?s team results in a scrum
at the mark. The opposing team throws in the ball.
(c) The kicker must use the ball that was in play unless the referee
decides it was defective.
Penalty: Any infringement by the kicker?s team results in a scrum
at the mark. The opposing team throws in the ball.
21.4 PENALTY AND FREE KICK OPTIONS AND REQUIREMENTS
(a) Scrum alternative. A team awarded a penalty or free kick may
choose a scrum instead. They throw in the ball.
(b) No delay. If a kicker indicates to the referee the intention to kick
a penalty kick at goal, the kick must be taken within one minute
from the time the player indicates the intention to kick at goal.
The intention to kick is signalled by the arrival of the kicking tee
or sand, or when the player makes a mark on the ground. The
player must complete the kick within one minute even if the ball
rolls over and has to be placed again. If the one minute is
exceeded, the kick is disallowed, a scrum is ordered at the place of
the mark and the opponents throw in the ball. For any other type
of kick, the kick must be taken without undue delay.
(c) A clear kick. The kicker must kick the ball a visible distance. If
the kicker is holding it, it must clearly leave the hands. If it is on
the ground, it must clearly leave the mark.
(d) Place kicking for touch. The kicker may punt or drop kick for
touch but must not place kick for touch.
(e) Kicker?s freedom of action. The kicker is free to kick the ball
in any direction and may play the ball again.
(f) Kick taken in the in-goal. When a penalty or free kick is taken
in the team?s in-goal and a defending player by foul play prevents
an opponent from scoring a try, a penalty try is awarded.
(g) Out of play in the in-goal. If a penalty or free kick is taken in
in-goal and the ball goes into touch-in-goal, or on or over the dead
ball line, or a defending player makes the ball dead before it has
crossed the goal line, a 5-metre scrum is awarded. The attacking
team throws in the ball.
(h) Behind the ball. All the kicker?s team at a penalty or free kick
must be behind the ball until it has been kicked, except the placer
for a place kick.
(i) Kick taken quickly. If the penalty or free kick is taken so
quickly that players of the kicker?s team are still in front of the ball,
they are not penalised for being offside. However, they must retire
immediately. They must not stop retiring until they are onside.
They must not take part in the game until they are onside. This
applies to all players of that team, whether they are inside or
outside the playing area.
(j) In this situation, players become onside when they run behind the
team mate who took the penalty or free kick, or when a team mate
carrying the ball runs in front of them, or when a team mate who
was behind the ball when it was kicked runs in front of them.
(k) An offside player cannot be put onside by any action of an opponent.
Penalty: Unless otherwise stated in Law any infringement by the kicker?s team
results in a scrum at the mark. The opposing team throw in the ball.
21.5 SCORING A GOAL FROM A PENALTY KICK
(a) A penalty goal can be scored from a penalty kick.
(b) If the kicker indicates to the referee the intention to kick at goal,
the kicker must kick at goal. Once the kicker has made the
intention clear, there can be no change of the intention. The
referee may enquire of the kicker as to the intention.
(c) If the kicker indicates to the referee the intent to kick at goal, the
opposing team must stand still with their hands by their sides
from the time the kicker starts to approach to kick until the ball is kicked.
(d) If the kicker has not indicated an intention to kick at goal but takes
a drop kick and scores a goal, the goal stands.
(e) If the opposing team infringes while the kick is being taken but the
kick at goal is successful, the goal stands. A further penalty is not
awarded for the infringement.
(f) The kicker may place the ball directly on the ground or on sand,
sawdust or a kicking tee approved by the Union.
21.6 SCORING FROM A FREE KICK
(a) A goal cannot be scored from a free kick.
(b) The team awarded a free kick cannot score a dropped goal until
after the ball next becomes dead, or until after an opponent has
played or touched it, or has tackled the ball carrier. This restriction
applies also to a scrum taken instead of a free kick.
21.7 WHAT THE OPPOSING TEAM MUST DO AT A PENALTY KICK
(a) Must run from the mark. The opposing team must
immediately run towards their own goal line until they are at least
10 metres away from the mark for the penalty kick, or until they
have reached their goal line if that is nearer the mark.
(b) Must keep running. Even if the penalty kick is taken and the
kicker?s team is playing the ball, opposing players must keep
running until they have retired the necessary distance. They must
not take part in the game until they have done so.
(c) Kick taken quickly. If the penalty kick is taken so quickly that
opponents have no opportunity to retire, they will not be
penalised for this. However, they must continue to retire as
described in 21.7(b) above or until a team mate who was 10 metres
from the mark has run in front of them, before they take part in the game.
(d) Interference. The opposing team must not do anything to delay
the penalty kick or obstruct the kicker. They must not
intentionally take, throw or kick the ball out of reach of the kicker
or the kicker?s team mates.
Penalty: Any infringement by the opposing team results in a
second penalty kick, 10 metres in front of the mark for the first
kick. This mark must not be within 5 metres of the goal line. Any
player may take the kick. The kicker may change the type of kick
and may choose to kick at goal. If the referee awards a second
penalty kick, the second penalty kick is not taken before the
referee has made the mark indicating the place of the penalty.
21.8 WHAT OPTIONS THE OPPOSING TEAM HAVE AT A FREE KICK
(a) Must run from the mark. The opposing team must immediately run towards
their own goal line until they are at least 10 metres away from the mark for
the free kick, or until they have reached their goal line if that is nearer the mark.
If the free kick is in a defending teams in-goal area, the opposing team must
immediately run towards their own goal line until they are at least 10 metres
away from the mark and not nearer than 5 metres from the goal line.
(b) Must keep running. Even if the free kick is taken and the
kicker?s team is playing the ball, opposing players must keep
running until they have retired the necessary distance. They must
not take part in the game until they have done so.
(c) Kick taken quickly. If the free kick is taken so quickly that
opponents have no opportunity to retire, they will not be
penalised for this. However, they must continue to retire as
described in 21.8(b) above or until a team mate who was 10 metres
from the mark has run in front of them, before they take part in the game.
(d) Interference. The opposing team must not do anything to delay
the free kick or obstruct the kicker. They must not intentionally take,
throw or kick the ball out of reach of the kicker or the kicker?s team mates.
(e) Charging the free kick. Once they have retired the necessary
distance, players of the opposing team may charge and try to
prevent the kick being taken. They may charge the free kick as
soon as the kicker starts to approach to kick.
(f) Preventing the free kick. If the opposing team charge and
prevent the free kick being taken, the kick is disallowed. Play
restarts with a scrum at the mark. The opposing team throw in the ball.
(g) Free kick taken in the in-goal. If a free kick has been awarded
in the in-goal or if it has been awarded in the field of play and the
player retires to in-goal to take it, and the opponents charge and
prevent the kick from being taken, a 5-metre scrum is ordered. The
attacking team throw in the ball. If a free kick is taken in the in-
goal, an opponent who legitimately plays it there can score a try.
(h) Charged down. If opponents charge down a free kick in the
playing area, play continues.
Penalty: Any infringement by the opposing team results in a
second free kick, awarded 10 metres in front of the mark for the
first kick. This mark must not be within 5 metres of the goal line.
Any player may take the kick. If the referee awards a second free
kick, the second free kick is not taken before the referee has made
the mark indicating the place of the free kick.
21.9 CONTRIVED INFRINGEMENTS AT THE PENALTY KICK
If the referee believes that the kicker?s team has contrived an
infringement by their opponents, the referee does not award a
further penalty but allows play to continue.
21.10 CONTRIVED INFRINGEMENTS AT THE FREE KICK
(a) The kicker must not pretend to kick. As soon as the kicker makes a
move to kick, the opponents may charge.
(b) If the referee believes that the kicker?s team has contrived an
infringement by their opponents, the referee does not award a
further free kick but allows play to continue.
LAW 22 IN-GOAL
DEFINITIONS
In-goal is part of the ground as defined in Law 1 where the ball may be
grounded by players from either team.
When attacking players are first to ground the ball in the opponents?
in-goal, the attacking players score a try.
When defending players are first to ground the ball in in-goal, the
defending players make a touch down.
A defending player who has one foot on the goal line or in the in-goal
who receives the ball is considered to have both feet in in-goal.
22.1 GROUNDING THE BALL
There are two ways a player can ground the ball:
(a) Player touches the ground with the ball. A player grounds
the ball by holding the ball and touching the ground with it, in in-
goal. ?Holding? means holding in the hand or hands, or in the arm
or arms. No downward pressure is required.
(b) Player presses down on the ball. A player grounds the ball
when it is on the ground in the in-goal and the player presses
down on it with a hand or hands, arm or arms, or the front of the
player?s body from waist to neck inclusive.
22.2 PICKING UP THE BALL
Picking up the ball from the ground is not grounding it. A player
may pick up the ball in the in-goal and ground it elsewhere in the in-goal.
22.3 BALL GROUNDED BY AN ATTACKING PLAYER
Try. When an attacking player who is onside is first to ground the
ball in the opponents? in-goal, the player scores a try. This applies
whether an attacking or a defending player is responsible for the
ball being in the in-goal.
22.4 OTHER WAYS TO SCORE A TRY
(a) Grounded on the goal line. The goal line is part of the in-goal.
If an attacking player is first to ground the ball on the opponents?
goal line, a try is scored.
(b) Grounded against a goal post. The goal posts and padding
surrounding them are part of the goal line, which is part of in-goal.
If an attacking player is first to ground the ball against a goal post
or padding, a try is scored.
(c) Pushover try. A scrum or ruck cannot take place in the in-goal.
If a scrum or ruck is pushed into the in-goal, an attacking player
may legally ground the ball as soon as the ball reaches or crosses
the goal line and a try is scored.
(d) Momentum try. If an attacking player with the ball is tackled
short of the goal line but the player?s momentum carries the player
in a continuous movement along the ground into the opponents
in-goal, and the player is first to ground the ball, a try is scored.
(e) Tackled near the goal line. If a player is tackled near to the
opponents? goal line so that this player can immediately reach out
and ground the ball on or over the goal line, a try is scored.
(f) In this situation, defending players who are on their feet may
legally prevent the try by pulling the ball from the tackled player?s
hands or arms, but must not kick the ball.
(g) Player in touch or touch-in-goal. If an attacking player is in
touch or in touch-in-goal, the player can score a try by grounding
the ball in the opponents? in-goal provided the player is not
carrying the ball.
(h) Penalty try. A penalty try is awarded if a try would probably
have been scored but for foul play by the defending team. A
penalty try is awarded if a try would probably have been scored in
a better position but for foul play by the defending team.
(i) A penalty try is awarded between the goal posts. The defending
team may charge the conversion kick after a penalty try.
22.5 BALL GROUNDED BY A DEFENDING PLAYER
(a) Touch down. When defending players are first to ground the
ball in their in-goal, it results in a touch down.
(b) Player in touch or touch-in-goal. If defending players are in
touch-in-goal, they can make a touch down by grounding the ball
in their in-goal provided they are not carrying the ball.
(c) Grounded against a goal post. The goal posts and padding surrounding
them are part of the goal line. If a defending player is first to ground the ball
against a goal post or padding, the result is a touch down.
22.6 SCRUM OR RUCK IS PUSHED INTO IN-GOAL
A scrum or ruck can take place only in the field of play. Therefore,
if a scrum or ruck is pushed across the goal line, a defending player
may legally ground the ball as soon as the ball reaches or crosses
the goal line. This results in a touch down.
22.7 RESTARTING AFTER A TOUCH DOWN
(a) When an attacking player sends or carries the ball into the
opponents? in-goal and it becomes dead there, either because a
defender grounded it or because it went into touch-in-goal or on
or over the dead ball line, a drop out is awarded.
(b) If an attacking player knocks-on or throws-forward in the field of
play and the ball goes into the opponents? in-goal and it is made
dead there, a scrum is awarded where the knock on or throw
forward happened.
(c) If at a kick off the ball is kicked into the opponents? in-goal
without having touched or been touched by a player and a
defending player grounds it there or makes it dead without delay,
the defending team have two choices:
To have a scrum formed at the centre, and they throw in the ball;
or
To have the other team kick off again.
(d) If a defending player threw or took the ball into the in-goal, and a
defending player grounded it, and there has been no infringement,
play is restarted by a 5-metre scrum. The position of the scrum is
in line with where the ball has been touched down. The
attacking side throws in the ball.
22.8 BALL KICKED DEAD IN IN-GOAL
If a team kicks the ball through their opponents? in-goal, into
touch-in-goal or on or over the dead ball line, except by an
unsuccessful kick at goal or attempted dropped goal, the defending
team has two choices:
To have a drop out,
or
To have a scrum at the place where the ball was kicked and they throw in.
22.9 DEFENDING PLAYER IN IN-GOAL
A defending player who has part of one foot in in-goal is
considered to have both feet in in-goal.
22.10 BALL HELD UP IN-GOAL
When a player carrying the ball is held up in the in-goal so that the
player cannot ground the ball, the ball is dead. A 5-metre scrum is
formed. This would apply if play similar to a maul takes place in
22.11 BALL DEAD IN IN-GOAL
(a) When the ball touches the corner post, the touch-in-goal line or
the dead ball line, or touches anything or anyone beyond those
lines, the ball becomes dead. If the ball was played into in-goal by
the attacking team, a drop out shall be awarded to the defending
team. If the ball was played into in-goal by the defending team, a
5-metre scrum shall be awarded and the attacking team throws in the ball.
(b) When a player carrying the ball touches the corner post, the
touch-in-goal line, the dead ball line, or touches the ground
beyond those lines, the ball becomes dead. If the ball was carried
into in-goal by the attacking team, a drop out shall be awarded to
the defending team. If the ball was carried into in-goal by the
defending team, a 5-metre scrum shall be awarded and the
attacking team throws in the ball.
(c) When a player scores a try or makes a touch down, the ball becomes dead.
22.12 ATTACKING INFRINGEMENT WITH SCRUM PENALTY
If an attacking player commits an infringement in in-goal, for
which the penalty is a scrum, for example, a knock on, play is
restarted with a 5-metre scrum. The scrum is formed in line with
the place of the infringement and the defending team throws in the ball.
22.13 DEFENDING INFRINGEMENT WITH SCRUM PENALTY
If a defending player infringes in in-goal, for which the penalty is
a scrum, for example, a knock on, play is restarted with a 5-metre
scrum. The scrum is formed in line with the place of the
infringement and the attacking team throws in the ball.
22.14 DOUBT ABOUT GROUNDING
If there is doubt about which team first grounded the ball in the
in-goal, play is re-started by a 5-metre scrum, in line with the place
where the ball was grounded. The attacking team throws in the ball.
22.15 INFRINGEMENTS IN IN-GOAL
All infringements in the in-goal are treated as if they had taken
place in the field of play.
A knock on or a throw forward in the in-goal results in a 5-metre
scrum, opposite the place of infringement.
Penalty: For an infringement, the mark for a penalty kick or free kick
cannot be in the in-goal. When a penalty kick or free kick is awarded
for an infringement in the In-goal, the mark for the kick is in the field of
play, 5 metres from the goal line, opposite the place of infringement.
22.16 MISCONDUCT OR UNFAIR PLAY IN IN-GOAL
(a) Obstruction by the attacking team. When a player charges
or intentionally obstructs an opponent in the in-goal who has just
kicked the ball, the opponent?s team may choose to take the
penalty kick either in the field of play, 5 metres from the goal line
opposite the place of infringement, or where the ball landed.
If they make the second choice and the ball lands in or near touch,
the mark for the penalty kick is 15 metres from the touchline,
opposite where the ball went into touch or where it landed.
A try is disallowed and a penalty kick awarded if a try would
probably not have been scored but for foul play by the attacking team.
(b) Foul play by the defending team. The referee awards a
penalty try if a try would probably have been scored but for foul
play by the defending team.
The referee awards a penalty try if a try would probably have been
scored in a better position but for foul play by the defending team.
A penalty try is awarded between the goal posts. The defending
team may charge the conversion kick after a penalty try.
A player who prevents a try being scored through foul play must
either be cautioned and temporarily suspended or sent off.
(c) Any other foul play. When a player commits any other foul
play in the in-goal while the ball is out of play, the penalty kick is
awarded at the place where the game would otherwise have re-
started.
Penalty: Penalty Kick.
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